Types of Aquarium Pumps Explained
1. Submersible Pumps
These compact pumps sit directly in the water and are often used for filtration, circulation, or return flow from a sump.
• Easy to install and clean
• Ideal for freshwater and marine aquariums
• Quiet operation
• Great for all-in-one setups
Best For: Internal circulation, filter compartments, small to medium tanks
2. External (Inline) Pumps
These pumps sit outside the tank or sump and connect to your plumbing.
• High flow capabilities
• Great for large aquariums or sump systems
• Often more energy efficient
• Less heat transferred to the water
Best For: Advanced freshwater or marine systems with external sumps or filters
3. Circulation & Powerhead Pumps
These are mounted inside the tank to increase flow and prevent dead spots.
• Directable nozzles
• Many include flow control
• Can be used with sponge filters or undergravel systems
Best For: Freshwater tanks with plants or fish, or marine tanks needing added water movement
4. Wave Makers & Gyre Pumps
Designed to simulate natural wave action or create a wide laminar flow, these are a staple in reef tanks.
• Programmable flow patterns
• Silent magnetic mounts
• Controller or app-based customisation
Best For: Marine reef tanks, planted aquascapes, river biotope setups
5. Utility & Transfer Pumps
These are non-permanent pumps used for water changes, cleaning, or emergency circulation.
• Portable and powerful
• Can drain or refill tanks quickly
• Some support hose attachments
Best For: Routine tank maintenance, water movement between tanks
🔍 Key Features to Look For
✅ Flow Rate (LPH/GPH)
Always check the pump’s flow rate, measured in litres per hour (LPH) or gallons per hour (GPH). Match this to your tank volume:
• Freshwater tanks: 3–5x turnover per hour
• Marine tanks: 10–20x turnover per hour
🔇 Noise Level
Look for pumps labeled as “quiet” or “silent.” This is essential for bedroom tanks, office tanks, or reef setups with 24/7 operation.
⚙️ Adjustable Flow
Flow control lets you dial in the right current for different livestock. Many newer models include manual or digital adjustment.
🧠 Smart Control & App Integration
High-end pumps offer Wi-Fi or Bluetooth control through apps or reef tank controllers. This allows for:
• Custom wave patterns
• Sleep modes
• Feed modes
• Alerts and timers
🌡️ Energy Efficiency
Efficient pumps not only save power but also generate less heat, which is crucial in reef tanks.
🔁 Magnetic or Suction Mounts
Magnetic mounts are ideal for wave makers and powerheads. They’re secure, easy to reposition, and won’t slip like some suction cups.
🔄 Ease of Maintenance
Choose a pump with easy access to the impeller and internal parts for routine cleaning. Look for models with available spare parts.
🧠 AC vs. DC Pumps – What’s the Difference?
AC Pumps (Alternating Current):
• Plug-and-play
• Less expensive
• Fewer control features
• Slightly louder
DC Pumps (Direct Current):
• Adjustable speed
• Quieter operation
• More energy efficient
• Often compatible with controllers
Tip: DC pumps are highly recommended for marine and high-end freshwater systems where precise flow control and silence are key.
🧽 Bonus: What Comes in the Box?
Pump kits vary! Always check if your pump includes:
• Mounting hardware
• Flow nozzles
• Tubing or fittings
• Pre-filters or guards (important for shrimp or fry)
• Controllers or adapters (for smart models)
🛒 Top Brands to Explore at Charterhouse Aquatics
We stock trusted names like:
• Sicce – Silent, reliable, energy-efficient
• Eheim – German engineering and long-lasting builds
• Oase – Smart features and versatility
• Aquael – Great for beginners and nano setups
• AI Nero & Maxspect – High-end reef and gyre pumps with app control
💬 Need Help Choosing?
Still unsure which pump suits your setup? Our expert team at Charterhouse Aquatics is happy to help. Whether you need a budget-friendly internal pump or a smart wave maker for your reef, we’ll guide you to the best option for your needs.
